This basic, utilitarian design is typical not only of monastic but of other medieval gardens as well. Both gardens are walled and are laid out in two parallel rows of rectangular raised beds, each bed devoted to a single species. This small healing garden is located next to the doctor's house and near the infirmary. This master plan for an ideal Benedictine monastery, which was never built as planned, includes a large, rectangular kitchen garden with 18 beds of vegetables and potherbs and a smaller square garden with 16 beds of medicinal herbs. The earliest visual representation of a formal garden to survive the Middle Ages, found on the St. Though we know very little about the dooryard gardens of simpler households-the ancestors of informal cottage herb gardens, in which useful plants were grown close to hand in unstructured plantings-we do have some knowledge about the structured gardens of the great medieval monasteries and royal palaces. Garden layouts that date back to medieval and Renaissance Europe continue to strongly influence modern herb gardeners. Practical as well as ornamental, formal herb gardens laid out in simple beds date back to medieval Europe and continue to be popular today, as this contemporary take on a 12th-century garden attests.
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